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目的:评价骨性Ⅲ类患者手术先行治疗后上气道及其周围组织的形态学变化。方法:研究对象为接受手术先行治疗的骨性Ⅲ类患者16例(男性7例，女性9例)，年龄(27.3±9.1)岁。将患者术前(T0)和术后1年(T1)拍摄的CBCT数据导入Mimics软件测量，使用SPSS软件进行统计学分析，手术前后测量数据采用配对样本n t检验，n P<0.05表示差异具有显著性。n 结果:骨性Ⅲ类患者手术先行治疗1年后，舌咽气道容积减小(1726.62±1609.78)mmn 3 (n P＝0.007)。软腭尖处横截面积减小(77.47±115.23)mmn 2 (n P＝0.017)，矢状径减小(2.73±3.97)mm (n P＝0.015)。会厌顶处横截面积减小(95.73±100.64)mmn 2 (n P＝0.002)，横径，矢状径分别减小(1.63±2.22)mm (n P＝0.010)，(3.13±3.33)mm (n P＝0.002)。术后软腭长度增加(3.23±2.45)mm (n P＝0.000)，厚度减小(0.76±0.98)mm (n P＝0.007)。n 结论:骨性Ⅲ类患者手术先行治疗1年后，患者腭咽，舌咽气道有一定的缩窄，而鼻咽气道形态未发现显著的改变。“,”Objective:To evaluate postoperative airway volumes and surrounding tissues change in patients with class Ⅲ dentofacial deformities using surgery-first orthognathic approach.Methods:Sixteen skeletal class Ⅲ subjects (7 males, 9 females, 27.3±9.1 years old) underwent bimaxillary surgery using surgery-first orthognathic approach were consisted. Cone-beam computed tomography scans before and at an average of 1 year after surgery were collected. All measurements were performed with Mimics software and the results were statistically analyzed with SPSS. Paired-n t tests were used to compare the pre-and post-surgery data, and n P<0.05 was set as statistical significance.n Results:One year after the surgery, the volume of retroglossal oropharynx decreased by (1726.62±1609.78)mmn 3 (n P=0.007). The cross-sectional area at the soft palate tip decreased by (77.47±115.23)mmn 2 (n P=0.017), and the sagittal diameter decreased by (2.73±3.97)mm (n P=0.015). The cross-sectional area at the top of the epiglottis decreased by (95.73±100.64)mmn 2 (n P=0.002), and the transverse and sagittal diameters decreased by (1.63±2.22)mm (n P=0.010) and (3.13±3.33)mm (n P=0.002), respectively. The soft palate length increased by (3.23±2.45)mm (n P=0.000), and the thickness decreased by (0.76±0.98)mm (n P=0.007).n Conclusions:One year after surgery-first orthognathic approach in skeletal class Ⅲ patients, morphological narrowing were found in retropalatal oropharynx and retroglossal oropharynx structures. While there was no significant morphological effect on nasopharynx.