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一、溶液浓缩是实验室常用的基本操作。某些水溶液受溶质特性的限制需在100℃以下浓缩(如氨基酸混合液等),通常采用减压浓缩装置(下称传统减压浓缩装置)浓缩,这种方法虽然有效,,但效率较低,对于热稳定性较差的溶质,一次装量多,浓缩时间长,势必影响浓缩液的质量,若减少装入量,虽可缩短料液在容器中受热时间,提高质量,但取出浓缩液及重新装入料液次数多,仪器装卸麻烦、是造成此法效率低的原因之一,传统的减压浓缩装置另一缺点是料液在浓缩过程中不断“爆沸”、特别是浓缩进程越接近完成,“爆沸”越严重,“爆沸”的结果会造成料液冲向蒸出液,严重时造成浓缩失败。
First, solution concentration is a common operation in the laboratory. Some aqueous solutions are limited by the nature of the solute and need to be concentrated below 100°C (such as amino acid mixtures, etc.), and are usually concentrated by a decompression concentration device (hereinafter referred to as a conventional decompression concentration device). Although this method is effective, it is less efficient. For solute with poor thermal stability, a large amount of solute and a long time of concentration will affect the quality of the concentrate. If the amount of the concentrate is reduced, the time for heating the material in the container can be shortened and the quality can be improved, but the concentrate is taken out. And the frequent reloading of the material and liquid, the troublesome loading and unloading of the instrument is one of the reasons for the low efficiency of this method. Another disadvantage of the traditional decompression concentrating apparatus is that the material liquid continuously “bumps” in the process of concentration, especially The nearer the completion of the concentration process, the more serious the “bumping” and the result of “bumping” will cause the liquid to rush to the distillate, which will cause the concentration to fail.