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目的:以荔枝核为原料,采用乙醇浸提和超声波辅助提取法对荔枝核中总皂苷进行提取工艺优选。方法:以人参Rg1为对照品,采用香草醛-高氯酸比色法测定皂苷含量。乙醇浸提法选用浸提时间、液固比、温度、乙醇浓度作为影响因素,超声波辅助提取法选超声波提取时间、液固比、乙醇浓度作为影响因素。结果:乙醇浸提法提取皂苷的最佳工艺参数提取时间为3 h,液固比22∶1,70%乙醇80℃提取,总皂苷质量分数为1.714%。超声波辅助提取皂苷的最佳工艺参数为70%乙醇提取50min,液固比22∶1,总皂苷的提取率为1.818%。结论:超声波辅助提取法的提取效果优于乙醇浸提法。
OBJECTIVE: To optimize the extraction process of total saponin from litchi using litchi core as raw material, ethanol extraction and ultrasonic-assisted extraction. Methods: The ginsenoside Rg1 was used as the reference substance, and the content of saponin was determined by the method of vanillin perchloric acid colorimetry. Ethanol extraction time, liquid-solid ratio, temperature, ethanol concentration as the influencing factors, ultrasound-assisted extraction method selected ultrasonic extraction time, liquid-solid ratio, ethanol concentration as the influencing factor. Results: The optimal extraction parameters of saponin by ethanol extraction were 3 h, liquid-solid ratio of 22:1, 70% ethanol at 80 ℃. The total saponin content was 1.714%. The optimum extraction parameters of ultrasonic assisted extraction of saponins were extracted with 70% ethanol for 50min, the ratio of liquid to solid was 22:1, and the extraction rate of total saponins was 1.818%. Conclusion: Ultrasonic-assisted extraction is better than ethanol extraction.