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在导弹家族众多成员中,洲际弹道导弹被认为是“巨无霸”级的武器。这不仅是因为它可以跨洋越洲,射程达上万千米;而且可以携带几百万吨甚至上千万吨TNT当量的核弹头,其威力相当于二战时在广岛、长崎投下的原子弹威力的几百倍。正因为它如此强大,伴随它的问世,对其防御也便应运而生。最早拥有洲际弹道导弹的苏、美两国,也是最早进行导弹防御的国家。上世纪50年代末、60年代初,苏、美拥有了洲际弹道导弹,于是苏联在莫斯科周围部署了“橡皮套鞋”导弹防御系统,以防备美国导弹的来袭;而美国也研制出“卫兵”导弹防御系统,它包括
Among the many members of the missile family, intercontinental ballistic missiles are considered “giant” weapons. This is not only because it can cross the Oceanic continent and has a range of thousands of meters; it can carry nuclear warheads of several million tons or even tens of millions tons of TNT equivalent to the power of the atomic bomb dropped on Hiroshima and Nagasaki during World War II Hundreds of times. Just because it is so powerful, with its advent, its defense has emerged. The earliest owners of intercontinental ballistic missiles in the Soviet Union and the United States, but also the earliest missile defense countries. In the late 1950s and early 1960s, the Soviet Union and the United States owned the intercontinental ballistic missiles. As a result, the Soviet Union deployed “rubber boots” and missile defense systems around Moscow to prevent the incoming U.S. missiles. The United States also developed “Guards ” missile defense system, which includes