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目的了解广西狂犬病的流行情况,分析其流行病学特征,为有效防控狂犬病提供科学依据。方法利用传染病报告系统报告数据,分析狂犬病流行病学特征。结果广西2004-2006年累计报告狂犬病病例1598例,年平均发病率为1.08/10万;死亡1598例,死亡率为1.08/10万。发病主要集中在夏秋季。防城港(5.40/10万)、来宾(2.11/10万)、贺州(1.81/10万)、河池(1.51/10万)、钦州(1.43/10万)和桂林(1.27/10万)六市发病率高于全区平均水平。0～9岁及40～74岁的儿童及中老年发病较多,共发病1231例,占病例总数的77.03%;男性发病明显高于女性,男女性别比为2.46∶1;发病职业以农民、学生和散居儿童居多,分别占发病总数的65.33%、15.39%和9.14%。累计实验室确诊13例,仅占病例总数的0.81%。结论农村养犬数增加,犬的免疫接种率低,疫苗质量及管理把关不严,伤后处理不及时、不规范,各部门之间缺乏协作,卫生宣教不到位等是狂犬病发病率回升的主要原因。
Objective To understand the prevalence of rabies in Guangxi and to analyze its epidemiological characteristics and provide a scientific basis for the effective prevention and control of rabies. Methods The epidemiological characteristics of rabies were analyzed by using the reporting data of infectious disease reporting system. Results A total of 1598 rabies cases were reported in Guangxi in 2004-2006, with an average annual incidence of 1.08 / 100 000; 1598 deaths were recorded, with a mortality rate of 1.08 / 100,000. The incidence is mainly concentrated in summer and autumn. Fangchenggang (5.40 / 100,000), guests (2.11 / 100,000), Hezhou (1.81 / 100,000), Hechi (1.51 / 100,000), Qinzhou (1.43 / 100,000) and Guilin (1.27 / 100,000) Rate higher than the region average. 0 to 9 years old and 40 to 74 years old children and the incidence of more middle-aged and older, a total of 1231 cases of disease, accounting for 77.03% of the total cases; men were significantly higher than the incidence of women, male to female ratio was 2.46: 1; The majority of students and scattered children, accounting for 65.33%, 15.39% and 9.14% of the total incidence. A total of 13 laboratory confirmed cases, accounting for only 0.81% of the total number of cases. Conclusion The increase of dog population in rural areas, the low vaccination rate of dogs, the poor control of vaccine quality and management, the improper treatment after injury, the lack of standardization, the lack of coordination among various departments and the lack of publicity of health education are the main reasons for the rise of rabies incidence the reason.