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目的了解影响河南省不同人群丙型肝炎病毒(HCV)感染的相关因素。方法采取多阶段抽样的方法,在全省抽取1~75周岁的常住居民开展问卷调查和静脉血采集,并对不同人群的感染相关因素进行分析。结果共调查河南省普通人群32 203人,标化后HCV抗体阳性率是0.64%。HCV感染水平在年龄组和城乡人群的差异有统计学意义。经年龄分层分析,有偿采供血史[比值比(OR)=15.16]、输血史(OR=7.44)、文身(OR=2.53)、使用血液制品史(OR=2.42)、手术史(OR=2.32)和非一人一针一管注射行为(OR=1.93),是18岁及以上成年人感染HCV的危险因素,但对18岁以下儿童则无统计学意义。经城乡分层分析,穿耳洞、内窥镜检查和针灸、刮痧仅对城镇居民感染HCV有统计学意义,而使用血制品史仅对农村居民有统计学意义。结论 18岁以下儿童HCV感染水平低,与加强血液安全管理、实施安全医疗注射等措施有关。建议加强城镇居民远离不健康的生活方式,到正规医疗机构就医的教育,增加丙型肝炎防治知识的学习。
Objective To understand the factors that affect the hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection in different populations in Henan Province. Methods A multistage sampling method was adopted to collect questionnaires and venous blood samples from residents aged 1 to 75 in the province and to analyze the related factors of infection among different groups. Results A total of 32 203 ordinary people in Henan Province were surveyed. The positive rate of HCV antibody after standardization was 0.64%. The level of HCV infection in the age group and urban and rural population differences were statistically significant. (OR = 7.44), tattoo (OR = 2.53), history of blood products (OR = 2.42), history of surgery (OR = 2.32) and non-one-shot injection (OR = 1.93) were risk factors for HCV infection in adults 18 years and older, but not for children under 18 years of age. Hierarchical analysis of urban and rural areas, piercing through the ears, endoscopy and acupuncture, scraping only infected with HCV in urban residents was statistically significant, and the history of the use of blood products only for rural residents was statistically significant. Conclusions The level of HCV infection in children under 18 years of age is low, which is related to measures such as strengthening blood safety management and implementing safe medical injection. Suggestions to strengthen urban residents away from unhealthy lifestyles, to the regular medical institutions for medical education, increase the knowledge of hepatitis C prevention and control of learning.