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采用溶胶-凝胶工艺,结合超临界流体干燥技术,以La的氯化物(非醇盐)为原料,以聚丙烯酸(PAA)和环氧丙烷(PO)为辅助剂,合成稀土La基气凝胶。采用扫描电子显微镜、X射线衍射仪、X射线光电子能谱、比表面积和孔径分布测试仪对合成的稀土La基气凝胶的微观结构、成分、比表面积和孔径分布等性能进行表征。结果表明,La基气凝胶由粒径约为几十到几百纳米的纳米球形颗粒堆砌与交联而成,具有纳米多孔材料的典型结构,其主要成分为La_2O_3和PAA的衍生物,经过500℃热处理后,其主要成分则为La_2O_3。La基气凝胶的密度约为100mg·cm-3,比表面积约为220m2·g-1。
The rare-earth La-based airgel was synthesized by sol-gel process combined with the supercritical fluid drying technology using La chloride (non-alkoxide) as raw material and polyacrylic acid (PAA) and propylene oxide (PO) glue. The microstructure, composition, specific surface area and pore size distribution of synthesized La-based aerogels were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, specific surface area and pore size distribution tester. The results show that the La-based aerogels are composed of nano-spherical particles with a diameter of about tens to hundreds of nanometers. The La-based aerogels are typical structures of nano-porous materials. The main constituents are La 2 O 3 and PAA derivatives. After 500 ℃ heat treatment, its main component is La_2O_3. La-based aerogels have a density of about 100 mg · cm-3 and a specific surface area of about 220 m2 · g-1.