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Objective:To investigate the effect of Zao Huang Mixture (藻黄合剂 ZHM) on expressions of growth factor-β1(TGF-β1) and collagen IV (Col IV) in human glomerular mesangial cells (GMC) cultured in high-glucose environment.Methods:After primary culture of GMC,in vitro culture was carried out in normal group,high glucose group and high glucose medium with ZHM of different concentrations,and the expressions of TGF-β1 and Col IV in the GMC group and in ZHM group were detected at 24 and 48 h respectively.Results:Compared with the normal group,expressions of TGF-β1 and Col N significantly increased at 24 h,48 h in the high glucose group (all P<0.01);Compared with the high glucose group,the expressions of TGF-β1 and Col rnIV in all the ZHM groups significantly decreased at 24 h,48 h (P<0.05 or P<0.01).Conclusion:ZHM may modulate the process of diabetic nephropathy by changing the expression of TGF-β1 and Col IV in glomerular mesangial cells.