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小麦单位面积产量是由穗数、穗重决定的。在保证一定穗数的基础上,增加穗粒数和增加粒重是提高单产两种不同的途径,所以育种工作者十分注意大粒型品种的选育。但如何选育大粒型品种,对后代又怎样选择,都有赖于了解小麦粒重性状的遗传规律。我们在选育新品种实践中研究了冬小麦不同粒重品种杂交早期世代(F_1,F_2)粒重的遗传,并作了初步分析。
The yield per unit area of wheat is determined by the number of ears and the weight of ears. On the basis of ensuring a certain number of spikes, increasing the number of grains per spike and increasing grain weight are two different ways to increase yield, so breeders pay great attention to the breeding of large grain varieties. However, how to breed large grain varieties and how to choose for future generations rely on the understanding of the genetic law of grain weight traits. In the practice of breeding new varieties, we studied the inheritance of grain weight of early generations (F_1, F_2) of different grain weight winter wheat cultivars and made a preliminary analysis.