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目的探讨山东省城市社区老年人生命质量及其影响因素。方法采用分层随机抽样法选取山东省三个地市≥60老年人作为调查对象,通过自制调查问卷和EQ-5D量表进行调查。结果本次调查的1 208名城市社区老年人生命质量总体较好,存在健康问题维度的比例由高到低依次是疼痛/不舒服(38.3%)、行动能力(17.9%)、焦虑/沮丧(17.1%)、日常活动(12.3%)、自我照顾能力(10.5%);年龄、婚姻状况、慢性病、居住方式在单因素分析中均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多因素logistic回归分析结果显示,慢性病、年龄和婚姻状况是影响老年人行动能力、自我照顾能力的主要因素,年龄和慢性病是老年人日常活动能力、疼痛/不舒服的影响因素,年医疗支出还是影响疼痛/不舒服的主要因素,婚姻状况、居住方式和慢性病是老年人焦虑/抑郁的影响因素。结论慢性病和年龄是山东省城市社区老年人生命质量的主要影响因素,应加强老年人慢性病的健康管理,促进社区居家养老服务体系建设。
Objective To explore the quality of life of the elderly and its influencing factors in urban communities in Shandong Province. Methods Tensile stratified random sampling method was used to select ≥60 seniors from three cities in Shandong Province as the survey subjects. The questionnaire and EQ-5D scale were used to investigate. Results The quality of life of 1 208 urban residents in this survey was generally good with the proportion of health problems ranging from pain to discomfort (38.3%), mobility (17.9%), anxiety / depression 17.1%), daily activities (12.3%) and self-care ability (10.5%). Age, marital status, chronic diseases and living styles were all statistically significant in univariate analysis (P <0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that chronic diseases, age and marital status were the main factors influencing the mobility and self-care ability of the elderly. Age and chronic diseases were the daily activities of the elderly and pain / discomfort factors. The annual medical expenses were still The main factors affecting pain / discomfort, marital status, living patterns and chronic diseases are the influencing factors of anxiety / depression in the elderly. Conclusion Chronic diseases and age are the main influencing factors for the quality of life of the elderly in urban communities in Shandong Province. We should strengthen the health management of chronic diseases in the elderly and promote the construction of community home-service system.