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目的 通过腹主动脉零应力状态的研究 ,探讨糖尿病、高血压大鼠血管力学特性重建的规律。方法 用链脲佐菌素 (STZ)分别诱导SD和自发性高血压大鼠 (SHR) ,建立伴有高血压的糖尿病(SHRDM)和不伴有高血压的糖尿病 (SDDM)动物模型 ,利用生物显微镜和图像分析系统对其腹主动脉张开角进行观测。结果 ( 1 )SD组大鼠主动脉张开角在病程 1周到 4周加大 ,其后缓慢减小 ,8周后趋于平稳。 ( 2 )SDDM组大鼠主动脉张开角 1～ 4周急剧升高 ,4～ 8周急剧降低 ,1 6周后又急剧升高。 8周、1 6周时SDDM小于SD(P <0 .0 5 ) ,4周和 2 4周时SDDM大于SD(P <0 .0 1 ) 。 ( 3)SHR张开角的变化趋势恰与SDDM相反 ,且在 1周、8周、1 6周时大于SD (P <0 .0 1 ) ,而 4周时又小于SD (P <0 .0 1 ) 。( 4)SHRDM张开角的变化与SDDM趋势相似 ,但 4周时小于SDDM (P <0 .0 1 ) ,8、1 6周时大于SDDM(P <0 .0 5 ) 。结论 糖尿病、高血压大鼠主动脉壁零应力状态异常 ,在病程早期两者的变化趋势相反 ,提示高血压和糖尿病大血管壁均存在明显的不均匀生长 ,但是不均匀性生长的方式不同。
OBJECTIVE: To study the zero-stress state of the abdominal aorta to explore the regulation of the reconstruction of the vascular mechanics in diabetic and hypertensive rats. Methods SD and SHR were induced by streptozotocin (STZ) respectively. Animal models of hypertension with diabetes mellitus (SHRDM) and diabetes without hypertension (SDDM) were established. Microscope and image analysis system of its abdominal aortic open angle were observed. Results (1) The open angle of the aorta of rats in SD group increased from 1 week to 4 weeks, and then slowly decreased. After 8 weeks, the open angle tended to be stable. (2) The aortic open angle of SDDM rats increased sharply from 1 to 4 weeks, sharply decreased from 4 to 8 weeks and sharply increased from 1 to 6 weeks later. SDDM was less than SD at 16 weeks (P <0.05), SDDM was greater than SD at 4 weeks and 24 weeks (P <0.01). (3) The change trend of open angle of SHR was exactly opposite to that of SDDM, and it was greater than SD (P <0.01) at 1 week, 8 weeks and 16 weeks, and less than SD at 4 weeks ). (4) The change of open angle of SHRDM was similar to that of SDDM, but smaller than SDDM at 4 weeks (P <0.01), and larger than SDDM at 8 and 16 weeks (P <0.05). Conclusion The zero stress state of the aortic wall in diabetic and hypertensive rats is abnormal. The trend of the two is opposite in the early course of the disease, which indicates that there is obvious uneven growth in both hypertensive and diabetic vessels, but the heterogeneity is different.