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目的研究对比不同家庭环境和饮食习惯对儿童体质指数(BMI)的影响。方法用整群抽样方法,随机地选择徐州市两所幼儿园的3～6岁儿童519例(男265例,女254例),根据身高、体重,以及不同家庭环境和饮食习惯等的问卷调研,应用多元回归分析和主因子分析法来寻找影响BMI的主要因素。结果男女幼儿的BMI值无显著差异;幼儿现时体重、母亲年龄等与幼儿BMI呈正相关,而幼儿现时身高、父亲年龄等与幼儿BMI呈负相关,此外,对幼儿BMI影响最大的几个指标是:父亲的BMI及分级、家庭收入、母亲的BMI和母亲的身高等;而影响相对较小的几个指标包括:幼儿对甜食、油炸食品和蛋类等的摄人量,以及幼儿出生时的体重等。结论在幼儿时期遗传因素、饮食习惯均对BMI有一定的影响。
Objective To compare the impact of different family settings and eating habits on children’s body mass index (BMI). Methods A total of 519 children aged 3 ~ 6 years (265 males and 254 females) from two kindergartens in Xuzhou were randomly selected by cluster sampling method. According to the questionnaire survey of height and weight, family environment and dietary habits, Use multiple regression analysis and principal factor analysis to find the main factors affecting BMI. Results There was no significant difference in BMI between boys and girls. There was a positive correlation between the current weight of infants and the age of the infants. The present height and age of the infants were negatively correlated with the BMI in infants. In addition, : The father’s BMI and grading, family income, the mother’s BMI and the mother’s height; and a few of the less affected indicators include: children’s intake of sweets, fried foods and eggs, as well as the child’s birth Weight and so on. Conclusion In infancy, the genetic factors and dietary habits have a certain impact on BMI.