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在一些核物理实验中,要求把很多元素均匀地附着在薄的底垫上制成靶,同时要求靶的机械性能强和对热稳定。通常使用的方法有真空蒸发、电喷射、有机溶剂涂料和从水溶液中或有机溶液中电沉积等。从有机溶液中用电沉积法制靶有许多优点。 为了从有机溶液中得到较好的薄膜,必须用实验的方法来寻找每个元素电沉积时合适的电压、电流密度、溶剂、沉积持续的时间等条件。经验表明,为了产生均匀的、附着好的薄膜,如下三个实验条件对整个体系的研究是很有利的:采用很小体积的有机溶剂(1～3ml),相当高的电流密度(一般为2～6mA/cm~2),在一次
In some nuclear physics experiments, it is required that many elements be uniformly attached to a thin pad to make a target, while requiring the target to be mechanically strong and thermally stable. Commonly used methods are vacuum evaporation, electrospray, organic solvent coating and electrodeposition from aqueous solution or organic solution. There are many advantages to using electrodeposition methods from organic solutions. In order to obtain better films from organic solutions, it is necessary to experimentally find the appropriate voltage, current density, solvent, deposition duration and the like for each element during electrodeposition. Experience has shown that in order to produce a uniform, adherent film, the following three experimental conditions for the entire system is very beneficial: the use of a small volume of organic solvent (1 ~ 3ml), a very high current density (usually 2 ~ 6mA / cm ~ 2) at one time