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目的 观察产前注射地塞米松对仔鼠肺泡发育的影响。方法 SD孕大鼠于孕18,19,2 0dim地塞米松0 .8mg·kg- 1·d- 1,出生后4和10d仔鼠取肺,做组织切片免疫组化染色,图像分析Ⅳ型胶原的分布和表达强度。电镜观察仔鼠肺泡上皮细胞基底膜。结果 电镜下,正常4d仔鼠外周肺组织上皮细胞基底膜变薄,不连续,胞浆伸出伪足进入间质,与成纤维细胞靠近、接触。地塞米松组4d仔鼠外周肺组织上皮细胞的基底膜的不连续现象较少,上皮间质的直接接触较少。正常仔鼠肺泡上皮细胞基底膜Ⅳ型胶原的表达呈不连续线状,间有缺损,量较少,色较浅;地塞米松组仔鼠肺泡上皮细胞基底膜的Ⅳ型胶原表达较多、色较深、呈连续线状,阳性强度明显上调。结论 孕后期用地塞米松影响仔鼠肺泡上皮细胞基底膜Ⅳ型胶原表达,抑制基底膜发育,从而影响肺泡正常发育。
Objective To observe the effect of prenatal dexamethasone on alveolar development of offspring. Methods SD pregnant rats were injected with 0,8 mg · kg-1 · d-1 of dexamethasone for 18, 19 and 20 days, and lungs were taken at 4 and 10 days after birth. Tissue sections were obtained for immunohistochemical staining and type Ⅳ Collagen distribution and expression intensity. Electron microscope observation of alveolar epithelial cells in the basement membrane. Results Under the electron microscope, the basement membrane of the peripheral lung epithelial cells of normal 4 days pups became thinner and discontinuous. The pseudopodia of the cytoplasm extended into the interstitium and contacted with the fibroblasts. Dexamethasone group 4d pups peripheral lung epithelial cells less discontinuity of the basement membrane, epithelial stromal direct contact with less. The expression of type Ⅳ collagen in basement membrane of alveolar epithelial cells in normal offspring rats was discontinuous linear with a small amount of defects and light color. Dexamethasone group had more expression of type Ⅳ collagen in basement membrane of alveolar epithelial cells, Darker, was continuous linear, positive intensity was significantly increased. Conclusions Dexamethasone can affect the expression of collagen Ⅳ in the basement membrane of alveolar epithelial cells in the second trimester of pregnancy and inhibit the development of the basement membrane, thus affecting the normal development of the alveoli.