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Reintroduction is an important strategy to restore or re-establish wild populations of endangered spe-cies.Pre-release training is a necessary step to ensure post-reintroduction survival.However,studies reported contra-dicting outcomes after pre-release training of juveniles and adults.This study used farmed and feral American mink(Neovison vison)to analyze the influence of captive breed-ing on the morphology,structure and efficiency of the two major hindlimb levers,the femur and tibia pivoted by hip and knee joints that are essential for locomotion.Results showed that captive breeding did not alter the sexual dimor-phism of the two levers that are related to survival in the wild.Captive-bred mink showed slightly altered morphol-ogy of the femur and fundamental structure of the hindlimb levers that improved efficiency,but this resulted in reduction of performance related to foraging in both terrestrial and aquatic environments,especially for females.These find-ings suggest that reintroduction of mustelid as exampled by the mink here should focus on juveniles because the skeletal alterations associated with captive rearing were recorded only among adults and are irreversible in adult-hood.In contrast,captive-reared juveniles showed no skel-etal alterations and would be expected to recovery from any atrophy of the muscular system caused by captive rearing for shorter durations.Our results support the application of pre-release training of juveniles in enriched environments as a method for alleviating structural alteration of appendages and enhancing locomotion to increase survival probability in complex habitats.