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马恩关于未来社会和谐发展的论述包含了人与自然、人与社会、人与人、人与自身和谐发展四个方面。在人与自然的关系上,人类只有正确认识和运用自然规律,合理利用自然,才能和自然和谐相处,而根本解决人与自然之间矛盾的途径是变革资本主义生产方式和整个社会制度。在人与社会的关系上,生产力的高度发展为实现和谐社会创造着坚实的基础,未来和谐社会表现为生产力与生产关系、经济基础与上层建筑相适应,其矛盾通过自身的调整来解决。在人与人的关系上,人与人和谐相处、使社会成为自由人的联合体,是和谐社会的最高境界。在人与自身的关系上,在克服物的依赖的基础上,人的体力和智力、能力和志趣、道德精神和审美情趣会得到全面发展。
Marx’s exposition on the harmonious development of society in the future includes the four aspects of the harmonious development of man and nature, man and society, man and man, and man and himself. In the relationship between man and nature, only by correctly understanding and using natural laws and making rational use of nature can mankind be able to get along harmoniously with nature. The way to fundamentally solve the contradiction between man and nature is to change the capitalist mode of production and the entire social system. In the relationship between man and society, the high development of productive forces has created a solid foundation for the realization of a harmonious society. In the future, a harmonious society will appear as the relationship between productive forces and production. The economic foundation is compatible with the superstructure, and its contradictions are resolved through its own adjustment. In the relationship between people, people live in harmony, so that the community as a free association, is the highest level of a harmonious society. In the relationship between man and himself, on the basis of overcoming the dependence of things, man’s physical, mental, capacity and interest, moral spirit and aesthetic taste will be fully developed.