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以苯甲丙环唑、多菌灵、多抗霉素、异菌脲、戊唑醇5种杀菌剂和水杨酸、水杨酸钠2种诱导剂为试材,以链格孢菌(Alternaria alternata)为靶标病原菌,采用菌丝生长速率法和孢子萌发抑制法测定其对链格孢菌的毒性,并进行了林间药剂防治试验。结果表明:5种杀菌剂中对链格孢菌的抑制效果较好的药剂有苯甲丙环唑和异菌脲,其EC50值分别为0.519 6、0.517 5mg·L-1,对链格孢菌孢子萌发的抑制率分别为73.5%和74.9%;0.5~3.0mmol·L-1水杨酸和0.5~7.0mmol·L-1水杨酸钠对链格孢菌的孢子萌发和菌丝生长均无抑制作用。林间防治中,苯甲丙环唑和异菌脲防治效果最好,防效分别为94.7%和92.9%;施用3.0mmol·L-1的水杨酸和水杨酸钠后,枣缩果病的发病率均显著低于对照,水杨酸和水杨酸钠的诱导抗病效果分别为72.0%和57.3%。
Five fungicides, salicylic acid and salicylic acid, were used as test materials, including carbenicillin, carbendazim, polyoxin, iprodione and tebuconazole, Alternaria alternata was used as the target pathogen. The mycelial growth rate and spore germination inhibition were used to determine the toxicity to Alternaria alternata. The results showed that among the five fungicides, the azoxystrobin and the iprodione were the best ones. The EC50 values of the five fungicides were 0.519 6 and 0.517 5 mg · L -1, The inhibitory rates of spore germination were 73.5% and 74.9%, respectively. The spore germination and mycelium growth of Alternaria were 0.5-3.0 mmol·L -1 salicylic acid and 0.5-7.0 mmol·L -1 sodium salicylate. No inhibitory effect. In the forest control, the control effect of mefrazole and iprodione were the best with the control effects being 94.7% and 92.9% respectively. After application of 3.0mmol·L-1 salicylic acid and sodium salicylate, The incidence of disease was significantly lower than the control, salicylic acid and sodium salicylate induced resistance were 72.0% and 57.3%.