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目的:观察骨髓间充质干细胞(BMSCs)移植治疗合并高血压缺血性脑卒中大鼠的疗效并探讨相关作用机制。方法:采用随机数字表法将72只雄性自发性高血压大鼠(SHR)分为空白组、模型组及BMSCs组，每组24只大鼠。将模型组及BMSCs组大鼠制成大脑中动脉闭塞(MCAO)脑梗死模型，空白组不给予任何特殊处理。于造模24 h后BMSCs组大鼠经尾静脉注射1 ml BMSCs溶液(细胞浓度为1×10n 6个/ml)，同期模型组及空白组则分别注射1 ml磷酸盐缓冲液(PBS)。在术后3 d、7 d及14 d时分别对各组大鼠进行改良神经功能缺损评分(mNSS)及2，3，5-氯化三苯基四氮唑(TTC)染色，并采用RT-PCR和Western blot技术分别检测各组大鼠梗死侧脑组织血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)、胶质细胞源性神经营养因子(GDNF)mRNA及蛋白表达。n 结果:在术后3 d、7 d及14 d时，BMSCs组神经功能缺损评分[(7.4±1.34)分vs (9.2±0.84)分，(6.2±0.84)分vs (8.8±0.84)分，(5.0±1.00)分vs (7.8±0.84)分]、脑梗死面积占比[(39.09±1.66)% vs (45.78±1.26)%，(26.20±1.47)% vs (43.11±1.06)%，(22.45±1.45)% vs (38.16±0.87)%]均较模型组明显降低(n P0.05)；与空白组及模型组比较，BMSCs组缺血脑组织中VEGF、GDNF蛋白表达及mRNA表达均明显增强，组间差异均具有统计学意义(n P<0.05)。n 结论:BMSCs移植对合并高血压的缺血性脑卒中大鼠具有神经保护作用，其治疗机制可能与上调缺血脑组织中VEGF、GDNF含量有关。“,”Objective:To observe any effect of transplanting bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) after ischemic stroke, and explore its mechanism.Methods:Seventy-two spontaneous hypertensive male rats were randomly divided into a sham group, a model group and a BMSCs group, each of 24. A model of middle cerebral artery occlusion was induced in the rats of the model and BMSCs groups but not in the sham group. The BMSCs rats had 106 BMSCs injected into their tail veins 24 hours after the modeling, while the other 2 groups were injected with the same amount of phosphate buffer. Modified neurological deficit scoring and 2, 3, 5-triphenyltetrazole chloride staining were performed on the 3rd, 7th and 14th days after the operation. The mRNA and protein expressions of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and glial cell-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) in the rats′ brain tissues were detected by RT-PCR and western blotting.Results:On the 3rd, 7th and 14th days after the operation, the average neurological deficit score of the BMSCs group was significantly lower and the area of cerebral infarction was significantly smaller than among the model group. Moreover, the infarcted volume in the BMSCs group continued to decrease gradually as time went on. There was no significant difference between the sham and model group in the expression of VEGF or GDNF mRNA or protein 3, 7 or 14 days after the operation. They were, however, significantly higher in the ischemic brain tissue of the BMSCs group compared with the other two groups.Conclusions:BMSC transplantation has a neuroprotective effect on rats with hypertension modeling ischemic stroke. The mechanism may be that BMSCs can up-regulate the expression of VEGF and GDNF in ischemic brain tissue.