【摘 要】
：
Exercise and brain health: Physical activity helps promote and maintain our brain health, including memory and cognitive performance. Research has shown that exercise is a safe behavioral intervention that reduces the risk of hypokinetic diseases, such as
【机 构】
：
Neuroprotection Research Laboratory,Departments of Radiology and Neurology,Massachusetts General Hos
论文部分内容阅读
Exercise and brain health: Physical activity helps promote and maintain our brain health, including memory and cognitive performance. Research has shown that exercise is a safe behavioral intervention that reduces the risk of hypokinetic diseases, such as hypertension, diabetes, and lipid metabolic disorders. In addition, accumulating evidence now suggests that increased physical activity has positive effects in both preventing and ameliorating multiple brain diseases, including stroke. Although stroke is often accompanied by severe long-term disability and dementia, exercise is considered effective in enhancing neurological functions, even in stroke patients. Recent systematic reviews and meta-analyses indicate that aerobic physical activity promotes multiple health outcomes, including neurological behaviors and cognitive performance in stroke patients (Luo et al., 2020). Pre-clinical studies using rodent models of stroke have also demonstrated that exercise has therapeutic potential by influencing neuroinflammation, neuroprotection, remyelination, and astrogliosis (Svensson et al., 2015). Because aging is a major risk factor for stroke, and because polypharmacy among older adult patients has become a serious social issue around the world, it is worthwhile pursuing the potential of exercise as a non-pharmacological therapy for stroke.
其他文献
The ability to protect cellular components in the face of deleterious conditions, such as exposure to chemical poisons, damaging radiation, or excessive heat, is crucial to organismal viability. Several compartmentalized stress response pathways have evol
The trigeminal nerve and its peripheral branches are susceptible to injury in the dental practice due to surgical removal of impacted third molars and placement of dental implants. Although peripheral trigeminal nerve injuries can undergo spontaneous rege
During the last decades, advances in the understanding of genetic, cellular, and microstructural alterations associated to Huntington\'s disease (HD) have improved the understanding of this progressive and fatal illness. However, events related to early
The knockout of the chemokine C-X-C motif chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4) in growth-stimulated retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) has a multiplicative effect on optic nerve regeneration. C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 12 (CXCL12), the exclusive ligand of CXCR4, is
The term immunophilin involves a family of proteins whose domain shows peptidyl-prolyl-(cis/trans)-isomerase (PPIase) enzymatic activity, i.e., the reversible cis/trans interconversion of Xaa-Pro bonds (Annett et al., 2020). The PPIase domain of these pro
Neurons of the mature central nervous system (CNS, mainly the brain and spinal cord) are unable to regenerate spontaneously after a lesion, in contrast to neurons of the peripheral nervous system (PNS). While the extraneuronal environment was long thought
The neuromodulatory transmitter serotonin(5-hydroxytryptamine,5-HT)is synthesized by neurons located in the brainstem,which project more or less densely to the entire central nervous system(Charnay and Leger,2010).
Parkinson\'s disease (PD) is one of the most common neurodegenerative diseases, affecting individuals especially over 60 years of age. In the next three decades, more than 12 million people will suffer from PD worldwide (Rocca, 2018). The characteristic
A chronic phase following repetitive mild traumatic brain injury can present as chronic traumatic encephalopathy in some cases, which requires a neuropathological examination to make a definitive diagnosis. Positron emission tomography (PET) is a molecula
Neurons undergo activity-dependent changes in their molecular composition and structure in order to regulate cellular processes such as dendritic growth, synapse elimination, spine maturation and synaptic strength. Such synaptic plasticity plays an import