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生态足迹法是一种定量的从供求视角研究区域可持续发展的重要方法,学者多以消费性生态足迹说明人类活动对自然环境的影响。文章以生产性生态足迹测量对黑龙江大兴安岭地区生态效益及当地人对自然环境的作用,考察实施“天保”工程后的效果。研究发现,在本时期“天保”政策对森林资源起到有效保护的同时,还带来耕地、草地、水域等资源面临生态赤字的危机,化石能源用地消耗的增加更成为环境污染的隐患,故提高地区生态承载力、寻求新能源应作为“天保”工程二期不可忽视的重要方面。
Ecological Footprint is a quantitative method of studying regional sustainable development from the perspective of supply and demand. Scholars mostly use the ecological footprint of consumption to explain the impact of human activities on the natural environment. The paper measures the ecological benefits of Daxinganling area in Heilongjiang Province and the effect of locals on the natural environment with the productive ecological footprint, and examines the effect of implementing “Natural Forest Protection” project. The study found that while the “natural forest protection” policy of this period effectively protected forest resources, it also brought the crisis of ecological deficits in cultivated land, grassland and water resources, and the increase in the consumption of fossil energy land use became the hidden danger of environmental pollution Therefore, to improve the ecological carrying capacity of the region and to seek new energy sources should be taken as an important aspect that can not be ignored in Phase II of the “Natural Forest Protection” project.