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所谓砾石土,一般是指粘性土中含有10％以上砾石颗粒(粒径大于2公厘)的土料,这种土料多系古代冲积、洪积之堆积物。由于其中含有粗颗粒——砾石,这就使得无论是土的工程性质或试验方法均有别于一般的粘性土料或砂砾料。目前,在水工建筑实践中,利用砾石土修建高水头土工建筑物的例子还很少,关于砾石土的试验研究和使用经验也很缺乏。为了在水利工程建设中,就地取材地使用砾石土料修筑填方,必须合理地选择确定砾石土工程性质的试验仪器及方法,以便更加多快好省地进行设计及施工。当考虑砾石土的试验方法时,应该注意到如下几点情况: 1.正如前面说过的,因砾石土中含有部分的粗颗粒,所以不可能在尺寸相当小的一般试验仪器内进行试验,因此,试验砾石土的仪器应根据土的颗粒组成予以适当增大其尺寸。 2.由于颗粒组成对砾石土的性质影响很大,因此试验时必须注意到试样的代表性,也就是说,要
The so-called gravel soil, generally refers to clay in more than 10% of gravel particles (particle size greater than 2 mm) of soil material, which is more than the Department of ancient alluvial, alluvial accumulation. Because of its coarse particles - gravel, which makes both the engineering nature of the soil or test methods are different from the general cohesive soil or gravel material. At present, there are only a few examples of using hydraulic gravel to build high-head geotechnical buildings with gravel soil. There is also a lack of experimental research and experience on gravelly soil. In order to make gravelly soil materials for local construction in water conservancy projects, it is necessary to rationally choose test instruments and methods for determining the nature of gravel soil so as to design and construct more rapidly and economically. When considering the test methods for gravel soil, the following points should be noted: 1. As previously mentioned, because gravel soils contain parts of coarse particles, it is not possible to test in relatively small-sized general test equipment, Therefore, the test gravel soil equipment should be based on the composition of the soil to be appropriately increased its size. 2. Since the composition of the particles has a great effect on the nature of the gravel soil, the sample must be representative of the test, that is,