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[目的]了解我国现有的《化学品毒性鉴定技术规范》(以下简称“规范”)与化学品注册、评估、授权和限制(REACH)标准方法之间的差异,以提高我国的化学品毒性鉴定的质量和水平。[方法]对规范、REACH中的毒性鉴定方法按照不同的毒性分类进行比较。[结果](1)REACH和规范中使用的方法大部分都源于经济合作与发展组织(OECD)的化学品毒性鉴定及其健康效应评价指南。因此,两者间在方法本质和原则上没有很大的差别。(2)异同点比较:①方法基本相同,特别是原理、试验体系、试验指标和评判终点都一致;②REACH主要采用OECD标准中运用时间长、接受面广、相对成熟的方法;③我国的标准在技术内容上和国际是接轨的,由于考虑到整体的检验水平还不高,因此对一些具体的操作步骤做出了更详细的规定,使标准更具规范性和实用性。[结论]从REACH与我国现行毒理学方法的对比分析中发现,在整体结构和原则上,我国的分析方法与REACH的方法有高度的相似性,但在某些试验方法方面也存在着差异。只有尽快在我国建立国际通用标准的毒理学检测良好实验室规范(GLP)实验室,才能从根本上提高中国实验室的检测能力。
[Objective] To understand the difference between the current “Technical Standard of Chemical Toxicity Identification” (hereinafter referred to as “Code”) and the standard method of chemical registration, assessment, authorization and restriction (REACH) in order to improve the chemical Quality and level of toxicity identification. [Method] The standard, the method of toxicity identification in REACH were compared according to different toxicity classification. [Results] (1) Most of the methods used in REACH and the specifications are derived from the OECD Chemical Toxicity Identification and Guidelines for the Evaluation of Their Health Effects. Therefore, there is not much difference between the two in the nature and principle of the method. (2) Comparison of similarities and differences: (1) The methods are basically the same, especially the principle, test system, test index and judgment end point are the same; (2) REACH mainly adopts the method of OECD standard for a long time, wide acceptance and relatively mature; In terms of technical content and international standards, considering the overall level of inspection is not high, so a number of specific steps to make more detailed provisions to make the standard more normative and practical. [Conclusion] From the comparative analysis of REACH and the current toxicology method in our country, we found that the analytical methods in our country are highly similar to the REACH method in the overall structure and principle, but there are also some differences in some experimental methods. Only as soon as possible in our country to establish internationally accepted standards of toxicology testing Good Laboratory Practice (GLP) laboratories, in order to fundamentally improve the Chinese laboratory testing capabilities.