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目的了解重庆市北碚区手足口病流行病学特征及流行趋势,为制订手足口病防制策略提供科学依据。方法运用描述流行病学方法,对北碚区1773例手足口病病例数据进行统计分析。结果北碚区手足口病病例高度散发,以5岁及以下儿童为主(94.61%),男女发病率差异有统计学意义(χ2=14.15,P﹤0.05),男性高于女性,职业以托幼儿童(41.87%)和散居儿童(48.65%)为主,街道和乡镇发病率差异有统计学意义(χ2=356.80,P﹤0.05),街道高于乡镇。病例发病时间集中在4～7月和10月,聚集疫情主要发生在托幼机构,病毒以EV71型和COXA16型为主。结论普及防病知识,发生聚集疫情后,严格落实控制措施,做好街道和托幼机构等人口密集地区儿童的手足口病防制工作,是控制疫情发生的关键。
Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics and prevalence of HFMD in Beibei District of Chongqing and provide a scientific basis for formulating prevention and control strategies of HFMD. Methods A descriptive epidemiological method was used to analyze the data of 1773 HFMD cases in Beibei area. Results The cases of HFMD in Beibei area were highly distributed, mainly children aged 5 years and younger (94.61%). The incidence of men and women was statistically significant (χ2 = 14.15, P <0.05). The male was higher than the female, Children (41.87%) and diaspora (48.65%) were the main factors. There was a statistically significant difference in street and township incidence (χ2 = 356.80, P <0.05). The incidence of cases concentrated in April to July and October, the main epidemic occurred in the nursery organization, the virus EV71 type and COXA16-based. Conclusion The popularization of disease prevention knowledge, the occurrence of epidemic situation, the strict implementation of control measures, and well-being of children in areas such as streets and nurseries in HFMD prevention and control work is the key to control the outbreak.