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土是作物生长的基础,是根系生长发育的园地。作物根扎在土里,从土壤中得到生长所必需的水分和养分。土壤的特性可以因增产措施而改变,土壤中的水分和养分可以用人力来调节,良好的土壤管理,可以为密植创造条件,为作物的高额丰产奠定基础。 中共中央在“关于深耕和改良土壤的指示”中指出:“‘水肥土种密’,中心是土,就是深耕。”1958年农业丰产实践充分地显示了深耕和改良土壤在农业增产中的巨大作用。深耕的好处主要有以下几点。
Soil is the basis of crop growth, root growth and development of the garden. The roots of crops cling to the earth and get the water and nutrients necessary for their growth from the soil. The characteristics of soil can be changed by increasing production. Soil moisture and nutrients can be adjusted by manpower. Good soil management can create conditions for close planting and lay a foundation for the high yield of crops. The Central Committee of the Communist Party of China pointed out in the “Directive on Deep Soil Improvement and Soil Improvement” that: “’Water, soil and soil are densely populated’ and the center is soil and deep plowing.” The 1958 agricultural bumper practice fully demonstrated that deep plowing and improved soil are huge in increasing agricultural output effect. The main benefits of deep plowing the following points.