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一、同一个民族的成员,如果不因方言发生障碍,可以通过语言进行正常交际。这是因为交际双方习惯地遵守共同的思维规律。一种语言的语法,可以说是对这种规律的概括表述;成为规律性的东西,也就是合乎逻辑的。平常我们说出来的话,如果表达无误,从语法、逻辑、习惯的角度检验,都站得住。但这是就大多数情况说的。所以说“大多数情况”,是因为语法,逻辑、习惯三者确实有不一致的时候,比方“学生读书”(A)和“窗户吃石头”(B)这类句子,都符合“主—谓—宾”的语法格式,但B在逻辑上是荒谬的,人们从不认为它是语言中的合法格式。而“这间房子住客人”—“客人住这间房子”,“养花”—“养病”,“吃完饭了”、“饭吃完了”这类逻辑上对立的格式,却是语言中的合法存在,并且不是个别的,尽管人们对它们的译法表述(分析)不一定一样。至于许多事物的名称,更是没有什么道理可讲的。就拿概指一切物品的“东西”来说,我们虽然可
First, members of the same ethnic group should be able to communicate normally through their language if they do not have any impediments to their dialects. This is because both parties of communication routinely follow common rules of thinking. The grammar of a language can be said to be a general expression of such a law; it becomes logical to become a regular thing. Usually, if we say it correctly, we can stand it from the perspective of grammar, logic and custom. But this is the case in most cases. So “most of the time” is because there is indeed a discrepancy between grammar, logic and habit. For example, sentences like “Student Study” (A) and “Window to Eat Stones” (B) - guest “grammar format, but B is logically absurd, people never think it is the legal format of the language. The logically opposite format of ”this house guest“ - ”guests live in this house“, ”flower“ - ”recuperate“, ”eat finished“, ”eat finished" Legal existence, and not individual, although people’s translation of their expression (analysis) is not necessarily the same. As for the names of many things, there is no truth to speak of. Take everything that means everything, though we can