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近年来,幼儿园教师在教育过程中逐步注重发挥幼儿的主动性、积极性和创造性,注重让幼儿主动地去学习知识、发现知识。操作活动就是幼儿一种主动的学习活动,其实质在于通过幼儿自身的外部动作,如触摸、摆弄、拆装等,使幼儿达到自身动作与所学知识的协调,从而获得知识。如在认识布和纸的活动中,发给每个幼儿一张纸、一块布,让他们在剪剪、摸摸、折折甚至揉搓的过程中,逐步发现和认识纸和布的不同特征,而在日常生活中能加以区分幼儿了解到纸易折、易撕破的特性后,看图书时就会十分小心,倍加爱护了。这些知识经验的获得完全是建立在幼儿动手操作的基础之上的。操作活动作为幼儿主动学习的一种方法,它注重具体材料对幼儿行为的影响,并让幼儿自主地与材料发生相互作用,使幼儿能自觉地、主动地去获取感性知识。幼儿在自己的探索性操作中,有所发现,有所收获,这对他们来说,是一种比教师的言语更为有效的强化刺激,能最大限度地激发幼儿求知的欲望和动机,同时也给幼儿增添了一份理智和自信感。
In recent years, kindergarten teachers in the education process and gradually focus on giving play to children’s initiative, enthusiasm and creativity, pay attention to let the children take the initiative to learn and discover knowledge. Operational activity is an active learning activity for young children. The essence lies in that children can get knowledge through their own external actions, such as touching, fidgetting, disassembly, and so on, so that children can reach their coordination with their own actions and learned knowledge. For instance, in the activity of knowing cloth and paper, we give each toddler a piece of paper and a piece of cloth to gradually discover and recognize the different characteristics of paper and cloth during the process of cutting, touching, folding or even rubbing In daily life can distinguish between children understand the easy-to-torn paper, easy to tear the characteristics of the book will be very careful when reading, much care. The acquisition of these knowledge experiences is based entirely on the hands-on operation of young children. As a method of active learning for young children, operational activities focus on the influence of specific materials on young children’s behaviors and allow children to interact with materials autonomously so that young children can consciously and actively acquire perceptual knowledge. In their own exploratory actions, young children find and reap something which, for them, is a more stimulative stimulus than teachers’ speech and can maximize their desire and motivation to seek knowledge. At the same time, Also added to the children a sense of intelligence and self-confidence.