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目的分析2014-2015年某三甲医院15~29岁青年HIV感染者的流行病学特征,为制定HIV防治工作策略提供科学依据。方法回顾性分析某三甲医院2014年1月-2015年12月15~29岁青年HIV感染者流行病学资料。结果某三甲医院2014-2015年15~29岁青年HIV感染者共计361例,就诊科室分布前五位为门急诊、神经内科、感染中心、心理卫生中心、呼吸科。检测原因前三位依次是门急诊自愿咨询或体检,发热及肺部感染和外科手术前及输血前检测。男性占84.76%,女性占15.24%,性别比5.56∶1;汉族最多,占86.98%;职业前四位分别为家务及待业者(29.36%)、农民(8.59%)、商业服务者(7.76%)、学生(5.54%);文化程度普遍较高,高中及以上占71.75%;未婚者居多,占81.72%;传播途径以性传播(84.48%)为主,其中异性传播占44.04%,同性传播占40.44%;异性传播的比例随年龄增加呈上升趋势,同性传播人群的文化程度更高。结论某三甲医院15~29岁青年HIV感染者以男性居多,文化程度普遍较高,性传播成为该人群的主要传播途径,且同性传播比例较高。提示青年人群中HIV感染的性传播问题值得关注,需要开展针对性的宣教和干预工作。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of HIV infection among young people aged 15-29 years in a top three hospital from 2014 to 2015 and provide a scientific basis for the development of HIV prevention and control strategies. Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on epidemiological data of HIV infection among young people aged 15 ~ 29 years in a top-tier hospital from January 2014 to December 2015. Results A total of 361 young HIV-infected persons aged 15-29 years in a top-ranked hospital from 2014 to 2015 were selected as outpatient and emergency department, neurology department, infection center, mental health center and respiratory department. The first three were followed by emergency department emergency consultation or physical examination, fever and pulmonary infection and preoperative and transfusion testing. Male accounted for 84.76%, female accounted for 15.24%, sex ratio 5.56:1; the Han majority, accounting for 86.98%; the top four occupations were domestic workers and unemployed (29.36%), farmers (8.59%), commercial service providers (7.76% ) And students (5.54%). The educational level was generally high, accounting for 71.75% of high school and above. The majority of unmarried persons accounted for 81.72%. The transmission was mainly sexual transmission (84.48%), of which heterosexual transmission accounted for 44.04% Accounting for 40.44%. The proportion of heterosexual transmission increased with age, and people of same sex transmission had a higher education level. Conclusion The majority of HIV-infected young people aged 15- 29 in a top-three hospital are mostly male and have a relatively high educational level. Sexual transmission has become the main route of transmission for this population, and the proportion of same-sex transmission is high. It is noteworthy that sexual transmission of HIV infection among young people is worth noting, and targeted education and intervention are needed.