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目的分析一起在中越交界地带感染在我市引起暴发的麻疹疫情流行病学及病原学特征。方法对暴发疫情涉及的病例进行流行病学调查,实验室检测并与邻近国家麻疹流行优势株进行比较,综合分析该起麻疹暴发疫情的原因及特征。结果患儿均为男性,年龄分别为6岁、1岁3个月,病前均在家乡云南共同接触过1例5岁麻疹病例;发病前无含麻疹成分疫苗免疫史,麻疹IgM抗体均为阳性,分离到的麻疹病毒为H1基因型,与国内流行的麻疹病毒优势基因型一致。2株野病毒与Genbank发布的越南曾流行株H1基因型同源性较高,与其他曾流行的基因型没有亲缘关系。结论该起疫情为一起传染源为异地的社区麻疹暴发疫情,病原分型为H1基因型麻疹病毒,暂没有足够的证据确定为由越南等周边国家输入性病毒。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological and etiological characteristics of the measles epidemic that has caused an outbreak in the border area of China and Vietnam. Methods Epidemiological investigation, laboratory test and epidemic predominant strains of neighboring national measles were conducted to investigate the causes and characteristics of the outbreak of measles. Results The children were all male and were 6 years old and 1 year old and 3 months old respectively. Before the illness, one case of 5-year-old measles was found in their hometown of Yunnan. Before immunization, there was no history of measles vaccine immunization. The measles IgM antibodies were Positive, the isolated measles virus H1 genotype, and the prevalence of measles virus dominant genotypes. The two wild-type viruses shared high homology with the previously-epidemic strain of H1 in Genbank, and no genetic relationship with other pre-existing genotypes. Conclusions The outbreak was a outbreak of measles outbreak in a remote place. The pathogen was classified as H1 measles virus. There is not enough evidence to confirm the importation of sex virus from neighboring countries such as Vietnam.