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严重感染、应激或低血压状态下,肠黏膜屏障功能因缺血和炎症反应而受损,使肠黏膜屏障和免疫屏障受损,导致肠道细菌移位,细菌和毒素渗透至腹腔内引起严重的腹膜炎和中毒。同时肠道内细菌进入门静脉和淋巴系统,引起全身感染和全身炎症反应,这种由肠道细菌移位和内毒素易位致全身感染的肠源性学说得到越来越多的证实。同时引起机体免疫功能紊乱,表现在吞噬细胞、淋巴细胞和细胞因子三方面:①中性粒细胞趋化功能下降,吞噬和杀菌作用受抑制;②吞噬细胞分泌的补体成分及纤维连接蛋白含量降低,造成对吞噬细胞的调理作用减弱,特别是IL-1a
In severe infections, stress or hypotension, the barrier function of the intestinal mucosa is impaired by ischemic and inflammatory reactions, impaired intestinal mucosal barrier and immune barrier, resulting in intestinal bacterial translocation, bacterial and toxin infiltration into the abdominal cavity causing Severe peritonitis and poisoning. At the same time enteric bacteria enter the portal vein and lymphatic system, causing systemic infection and systemic inflammatory response, which intestinal bacterial translocation and endotoxin translocation caused by systemic infection more and more evidence of gut. While causing immune dysfunction, manifested in the phagocytic cells, lymphocytes and cytokines in three aspects: ① neutrophil chemotaxis decreased, phagocytosis and bactericidal effect was inhibited; ② phagocyte secretion of complement components and decreased fibronectin content , Resulting in weakened regulation of phagocytes, especially IL-1a