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基于随机区组试验设计,对14个铁皮石斛F1代家系进行遗传测定,结果表明不同家系间农艺性状和产量均存在显著差异,杂交优势明显;筛选出6a×2b,9×66,78×69共3个优良家系在产量、农艺性状与产品专用化等方面具有明显的优势。农艺性状与生物产量、经济产量相关性分析表明,株高、茎粗、茎节数量、节间距、叶片数量、叶片长度、叶片宽度等农艺性状与生物产量、经济产量存在显著相关性,其中茎粗、叶片数量和叶片长度对生物产量、经济产量影响最为显著,并能建立最优线性回归模型;萌蘖数少于4.5株/丛时,生物产量、经济产量均会随萌蘖数的增加而增加,但大于4.5株/丛时,萌蘖数对生物产量、经济产量影响不大。二年生与一年生主要农艺性状比较,萌蘖数、茎粗和叶形指数基本稳定,可用于早期选择。
Based on the randomized block design, the genetic determinations of F1 generation from 14 Dendrobium candidum plants showed that there were significant differences in agronomic characters and yield among different families, with obvious advantages of hybridization. The results showed that 6 × 10 6, 9 × 66 and 78 × 69 A total of 3 excellent families had obvious advantages in terms of yield, agronomic traits and product specialization. The correlation analysis of agronomic traits with biomass yield and economic yield showed that there were significant correlations between agronomic traits such as plant height, stem diameter, stem number, node spacing, leaf number, leaf length, leaf width and biological yield and economic yield. Among them, The results showed that crude, leaf number and leaf length had the most significant impact on biomass yield and economic yield, and the optimal linear regression model could be established. When the number of sprouts was less than 4.5 / plex, biomass and economic yield would increase with the increase of sprout number But increased more than 4.5 plants / plexus, the number of sprouting had little effect on the biological yield and economic yield. Compared with the main agronomic traits of perennials and biennials, the numbers of sprouts, stems and leaves were basically stable and could be used for early selection.