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近年来,在明长城沿线隘口陆续发现了四通记载明代戍边军人拥有地亩、营房等生产生活资料的碑刻。它们在格式、内容等方面具有高度一致性,立碑年代也相近,这说明散布于不同地点的四通碑刻存在着内在联系。本文通过对四通碑刻的比较研究,并参考其他碑刻、文献资料,基本说明了明代巡关御史制度产生和发展的历史脉络,明确了巡关御史、特别是巡按西关御史的监察范围、职责等信息。碑文还涉及到明代军事经济的一个重要内容—军屯,其作为一项基础性的军事经济政策贯穿于整个明代。本文经过梳理和研究,揭示了边地的屯田、屯田管理、屯田的违法买卖以及处罚措施,还有边地屯田的监管,等等。
In recent years, along the pass along the Great Wall of the Ming Dynasty, four stone inscriptions describing the possession of mu and barracks in the Ming dynasty by soldiers in the Ming Dynasty were successively found. They are highly consistent in terms of format and content, and are similar in their erasing times. This shows that there are inherent links between the Stone Inscriptions distributed in different places. This article through the comparative study of Stone inscribed carvings, and with reference to other inscriptions, literature, basic description of the history of the Ming Dynasty patrol gate censor system generation and development of the historical context, clear tour patrolling the censor, especially patrol according to the supervision of the customs Scope, responsibilities and other information. Inscription also relates to the Ming Dynasty an important part of military economy - military Tuen, as a basic military economic policy throughout the Ming Dynasty. After reviewing and researching, this article reveals the illegal land acquisition and management, the illegal sale and purchase of farmland and the penalties in the frontier fields, as well as the supervision of the frontier fields and so on.