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《穷人》是紧扣“真情实感,恰如其分”这一重点训练项目的讲读课文。教学这篇课文时,应引导学生通过课文中的朴实的语言,去体会人物复杂的心理活动和真实的感情,以达到重点训练项目的要求。这篇课文的主要特点在于用语朴实,而含义丰富,教师应引导学生发掘语言的内涵,加深对课文内容的理解。例如,课文开头写桑娜的家,我认为应抓住“温暖而舒适”这一短语,让学生去理解。从课文中的描写来看,这间渔家的小屋里,地扫得干干净净,炉子的火还没有熄灭,食具擦得闪闪发亮,孩子们安静地睡着了。这和屋外“寒风呼啸”“又黑又冷”相比较,确实显得温暖而舒适。那么这“温暖而舒适”说明了什么呢?这就说明了尽管家境贫困,生活艰辛,但桑娜却把房间里收拾得干干净净、表现了桑娜勤劳的品质。
“Poor people” are the texts of the key training programs closely linked to “truthfulness, appropriateness”. When teaching this lesson, students should be guided through the simple language in the text to understand the complex psychological activities and true feelings of the characters in order to meet the requirements of key training programs. The main characteristic of this text lies in simple language and rich meaning. Teachers should guide students to explore the connotation of language and deepen their understanding of the content of the text. For example, when the text begins to write about Sana's home, I think we should grasp the phrase “warm and comfortable” for students to understand. From the description in the text, the fisherman's house was swept clean, the fire in the stove was not extinguished, the utensils were shiny and the children fell asleep quietly. This and the outside “cold wind whistling” “dark and cold” compared to indeed seem warm and comfortable. So what does “warmth and comfort” mean? This shows that despite the poverty of his family and the hardships of life, Sanna kept the room clean and showed the quality of his hard work.