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由于战争及恢复生产的需要,明朝前期曾向周边国家及少数民族大量购买马匹。明朝与朝鲜半岛的马匹和买贸易始自洪武十九年,止于景泰元年,跨越高丽、朝鲜两个王朝。这项贸易只是明政府一种临时性的买卖措施,并未发展得像茶马贸易那样完备,但也形成了一种较为固定的模式。本文拟就明朝与高丽、朝鲜马匹和买贸易的交易过程、定价原则、价格变动及对双方影响等方面展开论述,以揭示这一特殊贸易形态所体现的国家间政治关系,说明马匹贸易既是两国朝贡贸易的重要组成部分,又是朝贡关系得以维系的有力筹码。
Due to the war and the need to resume production, large numbers of horses were purchased from neighboring countries and ethnic minorities in the early Ming Dynasty. The Ming Dynasty and the Korean peninsula horses and buying trade began from Hongwu nineteen years, ending Jingtai the first year, across Korea, North Korea two dynasties. This trade was only a temporary purchase and sale by the Ming government and did not develop as well as the tea horse trade, but it also formed a relatively fixed model. This article intends to elaborate on the trading process, pricing principles, price changes and the impact on both parties between the Ming and Korea and Korea’s horses and buying trade in order to reveal the political relations between the countries in this special trade pattern, The important part of the tributary trade between the two countries is also a powerful bargain to maintain the tributary relations.