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我国现代海岸跨越构造沉降带和隆起带。据统计,在沉降带海岸入海的河流,其输沙量占我国人海河流输沙总量的90%以上,而在隆起带沿岸入海者,其输入量不足10%。沉降带沿岸以潮坪沉积为主,并出现巨厚的第四系沉积层;隆起带沿岸主要为海滩砂砾质沉积及与之相伴生的风成沉积,只在大河细粒物质沿岸运移所及之处,才形成潮坪沉积,且第四纪沉积层较薄,原地沉积物呈斑块状分布。东海和南海所接受的河流输沙量较少,异地沉积虽占据相当的范围,但原地沉积分布较广,并构成连续的沉积带。大河输沙通过海洋因素的搬运而沉积于相邻的小河口内,并构成堆积体,这是通过海、河泥沙交换,河流沉积物影响海岸沉积的另一个重要途径。在我国沿岸尚未发现主要由大陆架直接来沙产生的河口海岸沉积体。
China’s modern coast across the structural subsidence zone and uplift zone. According to statistics, the sediment transport volume of the rivers entering the sea at the settlement belt accounts for more than 90% of the total sediment discharge of the rivers and streams of the Chinese people, while the input into the sea along the coast of the uplift zone is less than 10%. Sedimentary belt along the tidal flat sediments, and the emergence of thick Quaternary sediments; uplift along the coast of the beach mainly gravel sediments and accompanying accompanying wind deposition, only in the fine sediment along the river And the place, only tidal flat sediments, and the Quaternary sedimentary thin, in situ sediment was patchy distribution. In the East China Sea and the South China Sea, less sediment is accepted by the rivers, which occupy quite a range of places, but the in-situ sediments are widely distributed and form continuous sedimentary belts. Large river sediment transport by the transport of the ocean sediments deposited in the adjacent small mouth, and constitute a pile body, which is through the sea, river sediment exchange, river sediment deposition on the coast of another important way. No estuarine and coastal sediment has been found on the coast of our country that mainly comes from the direct continental shelf.