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胃肠道除了受全身免疫系统的影响与控制外,由于其粘膜面与外界环境的各种抗原有广泛接触,尚有其特殊的粘膜淋巴样组织系统,承担局部免疫作用。所以肠胃道免疫系统的完整性是保证人体健康的重要条件之一,全身性或局部免疫功能缺陷也必然会影响肠胃道的结构与功能。本文对原发性免疫缺陷病(PID)时胃肠道的表现作一简要介绍。原发性免疫缺陷病的种类迄今对PID的分类远非完善。这是由于原先认为比较单一的免疫缺陷(如选择性IgA缺乏)现在发现其并不单纯;有些低丙种球蛋白血症究竟属于原发抑或继发尚难确定;有些免疫性疾病至今尚未能明确归入何类;新的PID不断出现。虽然如此,目前免疫学家们仍基本沿用世界卫生组织的分类法,将PID归纳为下列五类,即1.抗体免疫(B细胞)缺陷;
In addition to the gastrointestinal tract affected by the systemic immune system and control, due to its mucosal surface and the external environment has extensive contact with a variety of antigens, there are special mucosal lymphoid tissue system, to undertake the role of local immunity. Therefore, the integrity of the gastrointestinal immune system is one of the important conditions to ensure human health, systemic or local immune function defects will inevitably affect the structure and function of the gastrointestinal tract. This article gives a brief introduction of the gastrointestinal tract during idiopathic immunodeficiency disease (PID). The types of idiopathic immunodeficiency so far, the classification of PID is far from perfect. This is due to the fact that a relatively simple immunodeficiency (such as selective IgA deficiency) was previously found to be not pure; it is difficult to determine whether some hypogammaglobulinemia is primary or secondary; some immunological diseases have so far failed Clearly categorized into categories; new PIDs appear constantly. Nonetheless, immunologists are still basically following the World Health Organization’s taxonomy to classify PIDs into the following five categories: 1. Antibody immune (B-cell) defects;