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八十年代初,民主德国对外贸体制的改革主要是通过组建一大批联合企业而实现的。目前,民主德国共有157个直属中央的联合企业和66个属于地区管辖的联合企业。它们是国民经济管理方面的基本结构单位。工业联合企业多半是直属中央的(共计133个),占工业从业人数的99%,占工业产值的99%。(一)外贸组织结构的变革1980年7月,民主德国统一社会党中央委员会和部长会议作出决定,改革了外贸管理的组织结构,使联合企业在出口方面获得了广泛的权利。自1981年1月起,民主德国改组了原来的外贸
In the early 1980s, democratic Germany’s reform of the foreign trade system was mainly achieved through the formation of a large number of joint ventures. At present, Germany has a total of 157 directly under the central German joint ventures and 66 belong to the regional jurisdiction of the joint ventures. They are the basic structural units in the administration of national economy. The majority of industrial complexes are directly under the central government (133 in total), accounting for 99% of industrial employees and accounting for 99% of industrial output. (I) Changes in the Structure of the Foreign Trade Organization In July 1980, the Central Committee of the Democratic Socialist Party of Germany and the Council of Ministers decided to reform the organizational structure of foreign trade administration and to give the joint ventures a wide range of rights in their exports. Since January 1981, Democratic Germany has restructured its original foreign trade