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海底天然气水合物是十分重要的能源矿产,目前主要是根据似海底反射面(BSR)等地球物理方法和海底地球化学异常示踪其存在.此外,与天然气水合物有关的自生矿物如碳酸盐、硫酸盐和硫化物等矿物也是重要的示踪体系.本文利用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和高分辨率透射电子显微镜(HRTEM),对来自南海台西南盆地沉积物中的自生管状黄铁矿进行了系统的观测,发现它们主要由草莓状黄铁矿组成,且在草莓状黄铁矿中首次发现了纳米级的低结晶度石墨碳,它们主要呈现出似纳米碳管和纳米锥形状,而且与黄铁矿密切共生,显示它们可能主要形成于含C过饱和C–H–O流体的沉淀.黄铁矿在CH4转变为原子C的过程中起催化作用.自生管状黄铁矿中新发现的纳米级石墨碳,显示其沉积时沉积岩围岩中存在CH4过饱和流体,因此可作为天然气水合物又一重要示踪矿物.此外,低温环境中纳米石墨碳的发现对石墨的实验室合成和工业生产等有借鉴意义.
Submarine gas hydrate is a very important energy and mineral resource, and its existence is mainly based on geophysical methods such as seafloor reflection surface (BSR) and seafloor geochemical anomalies. In addition, natural gas hydrate-related minerals such as carbonate , Sulphates and sulfides are also important tracer systems.In this paper, the spontaneous tubular pyrite in the sediments from the southwestern Taiwan and Southwest Taiwan Basin was analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) The systematic observations show that they are mainly composed of strawberry-like pyrite, and nanoscale low-crystallinity graphitic carbons were first found in strawberry-like pyrite. They mainly exhibit carbon nanotubes and nanocone shapes, and The close coexistence with pyrite shows that they may be mainly formed in the precipitation of the C-H-O fluid containing C. Pyrite plays a catalytic role in the conversion of CH4 to the atom C. A new discovery from authigenic pyrite Of the nano-graphitic carbon shows that there is CH4 supersaturated fluid in the sedimentary rocks when sedimenting, so it can be used as another important trace mineral of gas hydrate.In addition, Carbon ink found reference laboratory synthesis and industrial production of graphite and so on.