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为了研究工程车辆油气分离式弹簧系统的频率特性,在分析油气分离式油气弹簧结构和工作原理的基础上,建立了油气分离式油气弹簧的阻尼和刚度模型,结合螺旋弹簧的刚度模型,获得了油气分离式弹簧系统的垂向非线性数学模型。采用傅里叶级数展开、泰勒展开、等效能量法和L-P法相结合的方法获得了油气分离式弹簧系统的等效阻尼系数、等效刚度及强迫振动的稳态解;同时进行了油气分离式弹簧系统性能试验,分析了油气分离式弹簧系统固有频率和幅频响应的影响因素。结果表明:油气分离式弹簧系统固有频率随氮气储能器初始压力的增大呈非线性减小的趋势,随螺旋弹簧圈数和螺旋弹簧旋绕比的增大呈弱非线性减小的趋势,随活塞杆及组件质量和螺旋弹簧压缩量的增大呈非线性增大的趋势;频率比小于0.75时对油气分离式弹簧系统位移的幅频特性影响较小,频率比在0.75~2之间时容易引起油气分离式弹簧系统共振,频率比大于2时有利于油气分离式弹簧系统实现减振;试验结果与理论分析结果较为吻合,说明了该模型建立和求解的合理性。
In order to study the frequency characteristics of oil-gas separation-type spring system in engineering vehicles, based on the analysis of the structure and working principle of the oil-gas separation-type oil-gas spring, the damping and stiffness model of the oil-gas separation oil-gas spring was established. Combined with the stiffness model of the coil spring, Vertical Nonlinear Mathematical Model of Oil - gas Separation Spring System. The equivalent damping coefficient, equivalent stiffness and steady-state solution of forced vibration of oil-gas separation spring system were obtained by combining Fourier series expansion, Taylor expansion, equivalent energy method and LP method. At the same time, Spring system performance test, the influencing factors of natural frequency and amplitude-frequency response of oil-gas separation spring system are analyzed. The results show that the inherent frequency of the oil-gas separation spring system decreases nonlinearly with the increase of the initial pressure of the nitrogen accumulator, and decreases non-linearly with the increase of the number of helical springs and the helical spring winding ratio. With the increase of the mass of the piston rod and the components and the compression of the coil spring, it tends to increase non-linearly. When the frequency ratio is less than 0.75, the amplitude-frequency characteristic of the displacement of the oil-gas separation spring system is less affected. The frequency ratio is between 0.75 and 2 It is easy to cause resonance of the oil-gas separation spring system. When the frequency ratio is more than 2, it is advantageous to the oil-gas separation type spring system to achieve vibration reduction. The experimental results are in good agreement with the theoretical analysis results, which shows the rationality of the model.