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目的探讨深圳市龙岗区2001-2010年期间52起急性职业有机溶剂中毒发生的原因,为防止事故再次发生提供科学依据。方法采用回顾性流行病学调查方法,对事故按行业分布、毒物类别、发生原因等要素进行相关分析。结果中毒105人,死亡8人,死亡率7.62%;行业分布分别为金属表面处理(38.46%)、电子制造业(25.00%)和家具制造业(11.54%);毒物类别以苯、甲苯、1,2-二氯乙烷、三氯乙烯、正己烷及其它混合有机溶剂。结论加强对重点行业、重点毒物的卫生监督管理和职工的防毒知识教育,可有效减低急性职业中毒发病率。
Objective To investigate the causes of 52 acute occupational organic solvent poisoning in Longgang District of Shenzhen City from 2001 to 2010 and to provide a scientific basis for preventing the recurrence of accidents. Methods The retrospective epidemiological investigation method was used to analyze the accident according to the industry distribution, the type of poison and the causes. As a result, 105 people were poisoned and 8 were dead with a mortality rate of 7.62%. The distribution of the industry was metal surface treatment (38.46%), electronics manufacturing (25.00%) and furniture manufacturing industry (11.54%) respectively. Toxins included benzene, toluene, , 2-dichloroethane, trichlorethylene, n-hexane and other mixed organic solvents. Conclusion Strengthening the health supervision and management of key industries and key toxicants and the anti-virus knowledge education of employees can effectively reduce the incidence of acute occupational poisoning.