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在综合历年相关文献的基础上,利用ArcGIS 9.3软件对云南受威胁鱼类种类组成及其地理分布特征进行统计分析.结果表明:云南境内共统计到受威胁鱼类83种,隶属5目13科47属,鲤形目占绝对优势,共64种,其次是鲇形目,共16种;鲤形目中鲤科鱼类种类最多,共51种,占鲤形目总数79.7%;鲤科鱼类中,鲃亚科、鲤亚科和鲌亚科种类最多,依次为14、10和10种.云南受威胁鱼类可归于青藏高原区和东洋区两大动物地理区划,其种类组成及地理区划是与周围环境相适应的历史演变的结果.在湖泊与河流两种生态系统中,鲤科鱼类均占有绝对优势,分别占总数的36.1%和31.3%;前者濒危等级多为濒危种,后者多为易危种.本文还从地史演变及现状两个方面探讨了云南受威胁鱼类的影响因素.
Based on the related literatures over the years, ArcGIS 9.3 software was used to analyze the species composition and geographical distribution of threatened fish in Yunnan Province. The results showed that there were 83 species of threatened fish belonging to 13 orders 47 genera, Cypriniformes accounted for an absolute advantage, a total of 64 species, followed by a total of 16 species, there are a total of carp Cyprin species, a total of 51 species, accounting for 79.7% of the total Cypriniformes; Cyprinus carp Among the three species, the most common species are 鲃 subfamily, subfamily subfamily, and 鲌 subfamily, followed by 14, 10 and 10. Yunnan threatened fish can be attributed to the geographical division of the two major animal species in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and Toyo region, and their species composition and geography Zoning is the result of the historical evolution corresponding to the surrounding environment.In both lakes and rivers, the cyprinid species occupy the absolute dominant position, accounting for 36.1% and 31.3% of the total, respectively. The former are mostly endangered, The latter are mostly vulnerable species.This paper also discusses the influencing factors of threatened fish in Yunnan from two aspects of the evolution of geography and the status quo.