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分子胶囊以其独特的分子结构在控制药物释放、催化、材料科学和生物医药等领域具有潜在的应用价值.分子胶囊可由不同的分子模块通过共价键或非共价键构建.着重描述了由常见的大环主体(环糊精、杯芳烃、杯吡咯、卟啉、环三藜芦烯和葫芦脲)通过自组装形成的分子胶囊.这些分子胶囊通过非共价键(氢键、静电作用、疏水作用及范德华力等)连接,使得分子胶囊具有可控的可调节的分子结构.通过这些独特的分子结构,分子胶囊可在溶液或固相中包裹各种各样的有趣的客体.
Due to its unique molecular structure, molecular capsules have potential applications in controlling drug release, catalysis, materials science and biomedicine, etc. Molecular capsules can be constructed by covalent or non-covalent bonding of different molecular modules, Common capsule molecules formed by self-assembly of the macrocyclic macrocycles (cyclodextrins, calixarenes, cuppyrroles, porphyrins, cyclopentatriene and cucurbituril) are encapsulated by non-covalent bonds (hydrogen bonds, electrostatic interactions , Hydrophobicity and van der Waals forces, etc.) to enable the molecular capsule to have a controllable and adjustable molecular structure through which molecular capsules can enclose a wide variety of interesting objects in solution or solid phase.