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利用日本东京和秋田地区1957—2008年的~(137)Cs年沉降数据和降水数据,对辽东湾地区~(137)Cs的大气沉降通量进行估算;通过建立模型,对用~(137)Cs大气沉降通量来估算土壤侵蚀速率的可行性进行分析。结果表明:辽东湾地区~(137)Cs的大气总沉降通量为1614 Bq·m~(-2);利用该值估算出该区域的年均土壤侵蚀速率为17.39~38.92 t·hm~(-2)·a~(-1),而采用杨浩等(2000)的质量平衡模型估算出该地区年均土壤侵蚀速率为11.97~44.94 t·hm~(-2)·a~(-1);本文计算结果的变异系数为30.5%,低于杨浩等(2000)估算结果的变异系数49%。本文所采用的方法得出的结果与实测大气沉降通量背景值(1845 Bq·m~(-2))得出的结果进行t检验表明,两种方法估算的结果没有显著性差异,说明采用~(137)Cs大气沉降通量来估算土壤侵蚀速率是可行的,有利于简化估算土壤侵蚀速率的方法并提高其精度。
Based on the 137 Cs sedimentation data and precipitation data from 1957 to 2008 in Tokyo and Akita, Japan, the atmospheric deposition fluxes of ~ (137) Cs in Liaodong Bay area were estimated. Based on the model, Cs atmospheric deposition fluxes to estimate the rate of soil erosion analysis. The results showed that the total precipitation flux of ~ (137) Cs in Liaodong Bay was 1614 Bq · m -2, and the annual average soil erosion rate of this area was estimated to be 17.39 ~ 38.92 t · hm ~ (-1) -2) · a ~ (-1), and the average soil erosion rate of 11.97 ~ 44.94 t · hm ~ (-2) · a ~ (-1) was estimated using the mass balance model of Yang et al. (2000) ). The coefficient of variation of this calculation is 30.5%, which is lower than the coefficient of variation of 49% estimated by Yang et al. (2000). The results of the method used in this paper are compared with the measured background values of the atmospheric sedimentation flux (1845 Bq · m -2). The result of t test shows that there is no significant difference between the two methods. It is feasible to estimate the soil erosion rate using ~ (137) Cs atmospheric deposition flux, which is helpful to simplify the method of estimating soil erosion rate and improve its accuracy.