用秋水仙素对马铃薯一单倍体和双单倍体染色体加倍的研究

• 作 者: 于品华 曲秀兰 戴朝曦
• 机 构: 甘肃农业大学农学系,甘肃农业大学农学系,甘肃农业大学农学系,
• 出 处: 甘肃农业大学学报
• 发表日期: 1991年03期
• 关键词: 秋水仙素 染色体加倍 马铃薯产量 双单倍体 单倍体植株 组织培养 试管苗 一单倍体 Solanum 无性系

本文报道了用双单倍体的实生籽和一单倍体无性系试管苗,按常规方法和改良方法对染色体加倍的试验结果。试验表明:在无菌条件下,用0.2～0.3％的秋水仙素浸种12～48小时后,再用组织培养的方法在无菌条件下培养处理实生苗的改良浸种法,与常规方法相比能有效克服秋水仙素对根的毒害作用,提高处理苗的成活率,从而大大提高加倍频率(加倍频率最高达70.96％);对一单倍体无性系,采用秋水仙素浸试管苗切段后再用组织培养使之分化苗的改良方法也能有效地提高加倍频率(最高达70％)。而常规的幼芽处理法在干旱地区是无效的。

This paper reports the results of doubled chromosomes by double haploid seed and single haploid clonal plantlets according to the conventional and modified methods. The results showed that under the condition of asepsis, soaking with 0.2 ~ 0.3% colchicine for 12 ~ 48 hours, then using the method of tissue culture to cultivate and improve the seedling under aseptic conditions, Can effectively overcome the toxic effects of colchicine on the root, and improve the survival rate of seedlings, thereby greatly increasing the doubling frequency (doubling frequency up to 70.96%); a haploid clonal, using colchicine immersed test tube cutting Improved methods of tissue culture to differentiate the seedlings later also effectively double the frequency (up to 70%). Conventional sprouts are ineffective in arid areas.