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介绍光动力学治疗(PDT)的机制、光敏剂的种类和PDT用于角膜新生血管的研究现状。PDT应用低能量的光作用于光敏剂,产生对靶组织有毒性的光化学反应。光敏剂易于聚积在肿瘤和新生血管处,被增殖性的细胞摄取,这些组织吸收激光能量,导致自身氧化作用和细胞膜、线粒体、溶酶体和核的直接损伤,最终导致靶组织的新生血管和肿瘤组织的细胞死亡。临床常用的光敏剂多是卟啉和它的衍生物,包括:苯卟啉衍生物单酸、氯化铝酞花青磺酸盐(CASPc)、SnET2、SINc、菌绿素a等。血啉单醚是一种国产的较理想的单体光动力学治疗新药。国外研究应用ATX－S10和 SnET 2等作为光敏剂治疗角膜新生血管,疗效显著。
The mechanism of photodynamic therapy (PDT), the types of photosensitizers and the current status of PDT for corneal neovascularization are introduced. PDT applies low-energy light to the photosensitizer, producing photochemical reactions that are toxic to the target tissue. Photosensitizers tend to accumulate at tumors and neovascularization and are taken up by proliferating cells that absorb laser energy and cause their own oxidation and direct damage to the cell membrane, mitochondria, lysosomes and nuclei, eventually leading to neovascularization of target tissues and Tumor tissue cell death. Most commonly used photosensitizers are porphyrins and its derivatives, including: Phenol porphyrin derivative monoacid, aluminum chlorophthalocyanine chloride (CASPc), SnET2, SINc, bacteriochlorin a and so on. Hemorin monoether is a kind of ideal new monomer for photodynamic therapy. Foreign research application of ATX-S10 and SnET 2 as a photosensitizer treatment of corneal neovascularization, a significant effect.