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静态时,正常人体红细胞呈双凹面园盘状。由于具备了这种形状,红细胞拥有足够的表面积摄取氧气,能够在高剪切应力(sh-earing force)条件下产生弹性形变。双凹面园盘状是红细胞生存和生理功能的形态基础。红细胞形态及其变形能力的改变可能产生于外界因素的影响,例如药物刺激,环境渗透压和pH改变等,也可能是细胞自身引起的。对于成熟红细胞而言,它缺乏任何细胞器,细胞内也未发现微管状物质,因此红细胞膜和胞浆中的代谢内容物的改变将对细胞形态产生根本性的影响。
Static, normal human red blood cells showed a double concave disc shape. Thanks to this shape, red blood cells have sufficient surface area for oxygen uptake and are capable of elastic deformation under high sh-earing force. Double concave disc shape is the morphological basis of the survival and physiological function of erythrocytes. Changes in erythrocyte morphology and its deformability may be caused by external factors, such as drug stimulation, environmental osmotic pressure and pH changes, may also be caused by the cells themselves. For mature erythrocytes, it lacks any organelles and no microtubules are found inside the cell, so changes in the metabolic contents of the erythrocyte membrane and cytoplasm will have a fundamental effect on cell morphology.