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《本草纲目》记载:冰片有“通诸窍、散郁火”之功效。历代医家常用以主治中风口噤,热病神昏,气闭耳聋等症。近年来冰片与苏合香配伍已广泛用于治疗冠心病、心绞痛、心肌梗塞等疾病。为探讨冰片芳香开窍原理,本文报告采用口服~3H-冰片的方法,研究了冰片在小白鼠体内的吸收、分布、排泄过程。实验证实:~H-冰片经肠粘膜吸收迅速,给药五分钟即可透过血脑屏障,且在中枢神经中定位蓄积时间较其它脑外组织长,蓄积量相对高。冰片开窍的机理可能与其迅速透入血脑屏障,蓄积量相对高有关。冰片进入血液后较长时间维持高血药浓度,增加了临床作用时间,在肝脏、肾脏中排泄相当迅速,大大减少了蓄积中毒的可能性。
The “Compendium of Materia Medica” records that the borneol has the effect of “passing through all aspects of Zhuge and dispersing yeo-fire.” The physicians used to treat strokes, fevers, dizziness, and obstructive symptoms. In recent years, the combination of borneol and Sulfonate has been widely used in the treatment of coronary heart disease, angina, myocardial infarction and other diseases. In order to investigate the principle of borneol aroma opening, this paper reported the method of oral ~3H-borneol to study the absorption, distribution and excretion processes of borneol in mice. Experiments have confirmed that ~H-borneol is rapidly absorbed through the intestinal mucosa and can pass through the blood-brain barrier within five minutes after administration, and the accumulation time in the central nervous system is longer than that of other extracerebral tissues and the volume is relatively high. The mechanism by which borneol is opened may be related to its rapid penetration into the blood-brain barrier and its relatively high accumulation volume. The borneol maintains a high plasma concentration for a long time after entering the blood, which increases the time of clinical action and excretion in the liver and kidneys is quite rapid, which greatly reduces the possibility of accumulated poisoning.