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【目的】探讨抗生素的不同给药方法对腹腔镜胆囊切除术（LC）患者术后感染的影响。【方法】选取2012年1月至2014年1月在本院普外科行 LC 术的210例患者，随机分为观察组和对照组，每组105例。对照组患者仅 LC 术后使用头孢西丁，每日二次，每次2．0 g ，静脉滴注，连用3 d ；观察组 LC 术前30～60 min静脉注射2．0 g 头孢西丁，LC 术后用药情况与对照组一致。两组患者在术中均根据胆囊炎症情况，加或不加甲硝唑治疗，比较两组患者术后感染率、住院时间、住院费用等差异。【结果】观察组术后感染的发生率明显低于对照组（ P ＜0．05），观察组患者术后平均住院时间以及住院费用明显低于对照组，差异有显著性（ P ＜0．05）。【结论】对于 LC 术的患者，术前预防性应用抗生素能明显降低术后感染的发生率，缩短住院时间及减少住院费用，进而改善可患者的临床预后。“,”Objective] To explore the effect of different timing of antibiotic administration on the patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) .[Methods] For this prospective study ,a total of 210 patients undergoing LC at our hospital between January 2012 and January 2014 were recruited and divided into groupsⅠ and Ⅱ according to different timing of antibiotic administration ( n = 105 each) .After LC ,group I received a daily intravenous dose of antibiotics for 3 days while group Ⅱ had an additional preoperative antibiotics at 30~ 60 min prior to incision .And tinidazole was added or not based on the intraoperative severity of cholecysti‐tis .The incidence of postoperative infection and length and cost of hospitalization were compared .[Results]The incidence of infection rate was significantly lower in group Ⅱ than that in group Ⅰ ( P < 0 .05) .And the average hospitalization length and cost were obviously lower in group Ⅱ than those in group Ⅰ ( P < 0 .05) .[Conclusion] As for patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy ,prophylactic use of antibiotics can sig‐nificantly reduce the incidence of postoperative infection ,shorten hospitalization length and reduce hospitaliza‐tion cost so as to improve patient outcomes .