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设计合成了非芳香类杂环离子液体N-甲基-N-十六烷基溴化物,并研究该离子液体在水中的自组装行为和液晶结构。该离子液体/水二元体系表现出双向溶致型六角相液晶,液晶范围和外观与离子液体浓度、温度相关。随着浓度增加,离子液体/水二元体系外观由澄清溶液变为透明溶胶,最后变为白色凝胶。溶致液晶在离子液体浓度范围30%~60%、升温过程中温度范围0.5~9.2℃、降温过程中4.8~19.8℃形成。与咪唑类离子液体在水中形成的液晶相比,饱和杂环离子液体分子由于缺少芳香环重叠效应,端头基重叠作用力减弱,使得饱和杂环离子液体分子在水中以较松散的方式组装。
The non-aromatic heterocyclic ionic liquid N-methyl-N-hexadecyl bromide was designed and synthesized. The self-assembly behavior and liquid crystal structure of the ionic liquid in water were also studied. The ionic liquid / water binary system exhibits bidirectional lyotropic hexagonal liquid crystals with a range and appearance of liquid crystals associated with ionic liquid concentrations and temperatures. As the concentration increased, the appearance of the ionic liquid / water binary system changed from a clear solution to a clear sol and finally to a white gel. The lyotropic liquid crystal is formed in the range of 30% -60% of the ionic liquid concentration, in the temperature range of 0.5-9.2 ° C during heating and 4.8-19.8 ° C in the cooling process. Compared with the liquid crystal formed by imidazole ionic liquids in water, due to the lack of overlap effect of aromatic rings, the effect of the overlap of terminal groups is weakened, and the molecules of saturated heterocyclic ionic liquids are assembled in a relatively loose manner in water.