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目的了解全日制民办学校学生的膳食结构及营养状况，探索适合我国学生的合理膳食模式。［方法］采用４日称重法对广东省某民办学校５～８岁学生共１３４８人进行膳食调查，同时进行体格及生化检查。［结果］该校 ５～ ８岁学生的每日平均热能、蛋白质、视黄醇、尼克酸、铁的摄入量均达到或超过 ＲＤＡ； ＶＢ１、 ＶＢ２、 ＶＣ和钙偏低。学生的身高、体重显著超过全国参考值（ Ｐ＜ ０． ０５）、接近 ＷＨＯ参考值。营养不良发生率无或低（不超过３．５％）。营养过剩除 ５岁男童为 １４．３％外，其余均不超过 ３．５％。贫血发生率低于全国平均水平。［结论］该校的膳食模式能满足５～８岁学生良好生长发育的需要，营养师指导和积极的膳食管理制度是保证合理膳食模式执行的关键，该模式不仅适合于全日制民办学校，也可推广到午餐制或其它形式供餐的学校。
Objective To understand the dietary structure and nutritional status of students in full-time private schools and to explore suitable dietary patterns suitable for Chinese students. [Method] A total of 1348 students from 5 to 8 years old from a private school in Guangdong Province were enrolled in the dietary survey on the 4th weighing method. Physical and biochemical tests were performed simultaneously. [Results] The daily average caloric, protein, retinol, nicotinic acid and iron uptake of pupils aged 5 to 8 years old all reached or exceeded RDA; VB1, VB2, VC and calcium were low. Students’ height and weight significantly exceeded the national reference value (P <0.05), close to the WHO reference value. No or no malnutrition (no more than 3.5%). Overnutrition, excluding 5-year-old boy was 14.3%, the rest were not more than 3.5%. The incidence of anemia is below the national average. [Conclusion] The school dietary model can meet the needs of 5 ~ 8 years old students good growth and development, dietitian guidance and active diet management system is to ensure that the implementation of a reasonable dietary model, the model is not only suitable for full-time private schools, but also Can be extended to lunch or other forms of school feeding.