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在把地震带的延伸方向与地面上可见的或可判的构造带的方向作对比的时侯,人们发现在很多情况两者是一致的,另外也有不少情况两者是不一致的。前一种情况的道理显而易见,人们也讨论较多,而后一种情况人们却讨论很少,有时只是用隐伏构造这一简单名词作回答,并未阐明其成因问题。本文从震源物理的角度提出立交模式来阐明这个问题并试图把其应用于地震预报。如所周知,岩石圈由上到下其温度和压力是渐增的,另外岩石的酸度却是渐减的。这三个因素随深度的变化使岩石圈的上部其破坏显脆性,下部则显塑性;另外上部可把不同地质时代形成的断层保留下来(因摩擦强度小于破裂强度),下部则不能保留下来(因摩擦强度与破裂强度相等),除非更深部有高温物质充填于断层带上,形成充热断层。以上是立交式的地球物理背景。至于立交模式本身可论述于下。在板块运动力作用下,中国大陆岩石圈上部和下部都有统一的应力场展
When comparing the extension direction of the seismic zone with the direction of the visible or decidable tectonic belt on the ground, it is found that in many cases the two are identical and there are many cases in which the two are inconsistent. The rationale of the former case is obvious. People also discuss more. In the latter case, people rarely discuss it. Sometimes they simply use the simple construction of concealed constructions as their answer and do not explain the cause of formation. This paper presents the interchange mode from the perspective of source physics to clarify this problem and try to apply it to earthquake prediction. As we all know, the temperature and pressure of the lithosphere from top to bottom are increasing, while the acidity of the rock is decreasing. The variation of these three factors makes the upper part of the lithosphere brittle and the lower part shows plasticity. In addition, the upper part can retain faults formed by different geologic times (the friction strength is lower than the rupture strength), and the lower part can not be retained Due to friction and rupture strength equal) unless there is a deeper hot material filled in the fault zone, the formation of thermal fault. Above is the interchange of geophysical background. As for the interchange model itself can be discussed in the next. Under the action of plate motion force, there is a unified stress field in the upper and lower parts of the lithosphere in mainland China